Before independence, the commissioner system was in force during the British era. It was adopted by the Indian Police after independence. This system is presently applicable in more than 72 metros of the country. Under Part 4 of the Indian Police Act, 1861, the District Officer has certain powers to exercise control over the Police. In this, the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) gives certain powers to the Executive Magistrate for the smooth running of Law and order. Indore is the most populated city of M.P. with a population of 32.72 lakh, while Bhopal is the fifth most populated District with a population of 23.68 lakh as per the census of 2011. Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan on November 21 announced the implementation of a police commissioner system in the two cities of M.P., Bhopal and Indore, referring growing population and geographical expansion of the two cities and the accompanying administrative and Law & order problems. This blog explains the The Police Commissionerates System and procedure in brief.

The film industry has always been a helping hand regarding the pictorial presentation of some real incidents. The virtual vision always leaves a person’s mind in a state of clear images instead of imagination—the impact on the human mind’s last longer when they can see something rather than reading. Looking into the present scenario, the inclination of the filmmakers is more towards the depiction of real incidents with the idea of conveying knowledgeable and quality content to the general public. In the same row comes out a fantastic example of one of the most famous movies nowadays named “JAI BHIM”. This blog analyses the legal perspective of “Custodial Death” and “Police Torture” portrait in the movie.

As history suggests, India has always ensured to voice its stand and actively participate in becoming a party to international conventions. Subsequently, India is a party to several international treaties, including the Geneva Conventions of 1949. However, contrary to this, when the Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions were formulated in 1977, India did not ratify to the international treaties, although it had actively participated during negotiations. This legal blog aims to study and highlight the reasons for India's non- ratification to the Additional Protocols and analyse whether the reasons given by India for non-ratification were justified.

India had achieved independence after huge bloodshed only for the citizens of the country so that they could live happily, without any interference from outside, which is known as sovereignty. Just after three tears, on the 26th day of November 1950, India had drafted its first Constitution, with its founding fathers being Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Sir Benegal Narsing Rao, Surendra Nath Mukherjee and others. The Constitution of India has 22 parts and 395 Articles, and Part III of the Constitution is enshrined with the Fundamental Rights, ranging from Articles 12 to 35. Article 19(1) of the Constitution of India gives the freedom of speech and expression to all the citizens of India. The Supreme Court has ruled in the case of Devendrappa (1998) that reasonable restrictions may have to be imposed in the freedom of speech and expression in the interest of maintaining discipline in public services, even though it may not have been mentioned as a ground in Article 19(2).